LTax Blog

Individual Tax Planning Strategies to Know for 2025

Written by Precious Opaleke | Jan 16, 2026

 

Effective tax planning strategies are essential for achieving financial wellness and securing your future. As the end of the year approaches, now is the ideal time to review your financial situation and prepare for tax planning 2025.

This guide offers proven strategies to help you maximize tax deductions, boost retirement savings, and make smart investment decisions to reduce your overall tax bill.

 

New Tax Law Changes: OBBBA Provisions

Before diving into strategy, it’s important to note the new tax law changes introduced by the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA). Several key provisions are now permanent, including:

  • Expanded standard deduction amounts
  • Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) tax brackets
  • Updated limits on state and local tax (SALT) deductions

The law also introduces enhanced retirement contribution caps and adjusts income thresholds affecting eligibility for credits and deductions. These changes have significant implications for individual tax planning, making it essential to review how the OBBBA impacts your specific situation.

 

Tax Brackets, Deductions & Credits

The U.S. follows a progressive tax system with seven federal income tax brackets: 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35%, and 37%. This means only the portion of your income within each bracket is taxed at that rate—not your entire income at the highest bracket.

Standard Deduction vs Itemizing

One of the most important tax decisions is whether to take the standard deduction or itemize.


The Standard Deduction

This is a fixed dollar amount that you can subtract from your adjusted gross income (AGI) to reduce your taxable income. The amount is determined by your filing status and age. For 2025, the standard deduction amounts are:

  • Single: $15,750
  • Married filing jointly: $31,500
  • Married filing separately: $15,750
  • Head of household: $23,625
  • Qualifying widow(er): $31,500

With the OBBBA, taxpayers aged 65 and older are eligible for an additional $6,000 deduction. This extra deduction phases out for individuals with a modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) over $75,000 and married couples with incomes over $150,000.

Itemizing Deductions

If your total eligible expenses exceed the standard deduction amount, it may be more beneficial to itemize. Common itemized deductions include:

  • Mortgage interest
  • State and local taxes (SALT) up to a $40,000 cap
  • Significant medical expenses exceeding a set percentage of your AGI

It’s wise to calculate your potential itemized deductions to determine which option results in a larger deduction.

Tax Credits

While deductions lower taxable income, a tax credit directly reduces the tax you owe dollar-for-dollar. For example, a $1,000 tax credit lowers your tax bill by $1,000.

Credits often target families, education, retirement savings, and energy efficiency. With the OBBBA, many clean energy tax credits were either eliminated or given early expiration dates. It is more important than ever to stay aware of current opportunities.

Credits generally fall into three types: refundable, nonrefundable, and partially refundable. Understanding which type applies can significantly impact your tax savings.

Common Tax Credits in 2025

  • Child Tax Credit
  • Child and Dependent Care Credit
  • American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC)
  • Lifetime Learning Credit (LLC)
  • Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
  • Retirement Savings Contributions Credit (Saver’s Credit)
  • Premium Tax Credit (PTC)
  • Clean Vehicle Tax Credit (expires after September 30, 2025)
  • Residential Clean Energy Credit (available through December 31, 2025)
  • Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit (available through December 31, 2025)

 

Supercharge Your Retirement Savings

One of the most powerful tax planning strategies is maximizing retirement contributions. These contributions reduce taxable income for the year and also build long-term financial security.


Maximize Workplace Retirement Plans (401k, 403b)

If your employer offers a 401(k) or 403(b) plan, contribute as much as possible to reap the most benefits. For 2025, contribution limits are:

  • $23,500 for all individuals
  • $31,000 with the age 50+ "catch-up" provision
  • $34,750 for ages 60-63 with the SECURE 2.0 Act’s enhanced catch-up limit

These pre-tax contributions reduce your taxable income, providing an immediate tax break.


Utilize Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)

Beyond workplace plans, IRAs offer another excellent vehicle for retirement savings.

  • Traditional IRAs: Contributions may be tax-deductible, depending on your income and whether you have a workplace retirement plan. Investment earnings grow tax-deferred until you make withdrawals in retirement.
  • Roth IRAs: Contributions are made with after-tax dollars, meaning there is no upfront tax deduction. However, in retirement, qualified withdrawals are entirely tax-free, while earnings continue to grow tax-free.

For 2025, the IRA contribution limit is $7,000, with an additional $1,000 catch-up contribution available for those aged 50 and older. High-income earners who are phased out of Roth IRA contributions may benefit from the "Backdoor Roth IRA" strategy.

 

Leverage Tax-Advantaged Health and Education Accounts

Several other accounts offer significant tax advantages for specific goals, such as healthcare and education.

  • Health Savings Accounts (HSAs): Triple tax advantage: deductible contributions, tax-free growth, and tax-free withdrawals for qualified medical expenses. For 2025, the contribution limits are $4,300 for individuals and $8,550 for families, plus a $1,000 catch-up contribution for those aged 55 and older.
  • Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs): An FSA allows you to set aside pre-tax dollars for medical expenses. The 2025 contribution limit is $3,300. You should plan to use these funds within the plan year, as they are typically "use-it-or-lose-it."
  • 529 Plans: While contributions are not federally deductible, they offer tax-deferred growth and tax-free withdrawals for qualified education expenses. Contributions are subject to the $19,000 federal gift tax exclusion per recipient in 2025. Many states also offer a state tax deduction or credit for contributions.

 

Optimize Your Investment Strategy

Strategic investment portfolio management can significantly reduce your tax exposure.

  • Practice Tax-Loss Harvesting: This strategy involves selling investments at a loss to offset capital gains you have realized from selling other assets at a profit. Up to $3,000 in net losses can also offset ordinary income annually.
  • Remember the Wash-Sale Rule: When using tax-loss harvesting, you can replace a sold investment with something similar, but not identical, to maintain a balanced portfolio. Just avoid the wash-sale rule, which prohibits selling a security and then buying the same or a “substantially similar” one within 30 days before or after the sale.
  • Mind Your Holding Periods: The tax rate on investment profits depends on how long you held the asset. Assets held for one year or less are subject to short-term capital gains tax, which is the same as your ordinary income tax rate. Assets held for more than a year are subject to lower long-term capital gains rates (0%, 15%, or 20%), making a buy-and-hold strategy more tax-efficient.
  • Consider Asset Location: Hold tax-inefficient assets (like corporate bonds that generate regular taxable interest) in tax-advantaged accounts (like an IRA or 401(k)). Conversely, place tax-efficient assets (like growth stocks or index funds) in taxable brokerage accounts.

 

Take Advantage of Annual Gifting

Annual gifting is one of the simplest, most effective tax planning strategies for transferring wealth. In 2025, you can give up to $19,000 per recipient (or $38,000 for married couples filing jointly) to as many people as you like without reducing your lifetime estate tax exemption.

Gifts above the annual limit aren’t immediately taxable but do reduce your lifetime estate and gift tax exemption. Under the OBBBA, the estate tax exemption has been permanently increased. In 2025, the exemption is:

  • $13.99 million per individual
  • $27.98 million for married filing jointly
  • Rising to $15 million per individual in 2026, adjusted annually for inflation.

By combining the annual exclusion with the lifetime exemption, you can significantly reduce the size of your taxable estate while supporting heirs or loved ones tax-efficiently.

 

Smart Year-End Tax Planning Moves

As the year comes to a close, a few timely adjustments can have a big impact on your tax outcome.


Adjust Your W-4 Withholding

Review your Form W-4 to ensure the right amount is withheld from your paychecks. This is especially important after major life events like marriage, a new child, or if you started a side job. Proper withholding helps you avoid a large, unexpected tax bill or giving the government too much money upfront.


Initiate Strategic Charitable Giving

To maximize your charitable tax deductions, consider donating appreciated stock instead of cash. This allows you to deduct the full market value of the stock and avoid paying capital gains tax on its appreciation. Consider "bunching" several years of charitable donations into one year to exceed the standard deduction threshold.


Plan for Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)

The SECURE 2.0 Act raised the age for starting RMDs to 73. Beginning in 2033, the RMD increases to 75 for those born in 1960 or later. These mandatory withdrawals from traditional retirement accounts are taxable income. Planning ahead helps manage taxable income and avoid penalties. 

 

Yearly Tax Planning Checklist

Core Strategies for Most Taxpayers

  • Max out retirement contributions (401(k), IRA, etc.)
  • Contribute to an HSA or a 529 plan
  • Compare standard deduction vs. itemizing
  • Claim available credits (Child, Education, Energy, etc.)
  • Harvest losses to offset capital gains

Advanced Strategies for High Earners

  • Backdoor or Mega Backdoor Roth IRA contributions
  • Claim Qualified Business Income (QBI) deduction
  • Place tax-efficient investments in taxable accounts
  • Time bonuses, stock options, and deductions
  • Donate appreciated stock or use a Donor-Advised Fund
  • Use annual gift exclusions & trusts for estate planning

Tailored Strategies for Retirees

  • Consider partial Roth conversions in low-income years
  • Manage Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) after age 73
  • Make Qualified Charitable Distributions (QCDs)
  • Plan Social Security timing to optimize benefits
  • Monitor MAGI to avoid Medicare IRMAA surcharges
  • Maintain tax diversification across accounts

 

Take Control of Your 2025 Tax Outcome

Proactive tax planning is essential for building and preserving wealth. By maximizing retirement savings, leveraging deductions and credits, and making informed investment choices, you can significantly reduce your tax burden.

While this guide provides a solid foundation, every financial situation is unique, and tax laws continue to evolve.

At LTax, we help individuals and families create tailored strategies designed to maximize tax efficiency and secure long-term financial success.

Secure your financial future—schedule a consultation with an LTax tax advisor today.

 

LEGAL OR TAX: The information herein is not legal, such as trust or estate planning, advice, or tax advice. Any such information is provided for illustrative purposes only and must not be relied upon without the benefit of the advice of your lawyer and/or tax professional. Lido specifically disclaims any liability from any reliance on such information. Lido is not a legal service provider or tax professional and does not offer legal or tax advice. Should you desire to obtain tax or legal services or advice, you must enter into your own, ​independent engagement agreement with a licensed attorney or tax professional.